Bio-fabrication of selenium nanoparticles/micro-rods using cabbage leaves extract for photocatalytic dye degradation under natural sunlight irradiation

This work reports the synthesis of semiconductor selenium nanoparticles/micro-rods (Se-NP/MRs) using bio-fabrication approach and studies its photocatalytic activity under natural sunlight irradiation. Cabbage leaf extract was used as a reducing agent to fabricate Se-NP/MRs. X-ray diffraction patterns shown crystalline structure with crystallite size 28.17 nm, conferring planes hexagonal structure. A characteristic sharp resonance peak in Raman spectra at 235 cm?1 endorsed Se – bond The prominent FTIR 621 supported formation Scanning electron micrograph revealed nearly spherical shape irregular layers 35?95 nm range. In contrast, dimension micro-rods observed be ~ 10 µm length 2.5 diameter. bandgap energy Se-NP/MRs analysed 2.14 eV Tauc plot. exciting performance bio-fabricated that methylene blue degradation 86% 40 min 97% 140 min. Kinetic analysis shows pseudo-second-order correlation coefficient is well fitted compared pseudo-first-order. Therefore, this opens door further exploration nano-materials/composites mixed morphology for sustainable applications removal various textile industrial contaminants.